The Effect of Nanochitosan Preparation of Neem Leaf (Azadirachta indica) Ethanol Extract on the Liver Structure of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

Neem (Azadirachta indica) is an herbal plant that has a high antioxidant content and has potential as a medicine. Constraints in oral administration are the low bioavailability of drugs and the distribution of active compounds from herbal plants. One way to overcome this problem is to package herbal plant extracts into smaller nano-sized particles. The purpose of this study was to examine the response of the liver structure of male white rats (Rattus novegicus) to the administration of nano chitosan preparations of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf ethanol extract. This study used 32 rats aged 2 months which were divided into 4 treatments, each treatment had 8 replications, namely P0 (a group of normal rats induced with 2ml aqua dest), P1 (normal rats induced with NaTPP and 2ml chitosan). P2 (normal mice induced with nano chitosan: neem leaf ethanol extract 1:0.5), P3 (normal mice induced with nano chitosan: neem leaf ethanol extract 1:1). The research design used RAL (Completely Randomized Design). Data analysis used ANOVA with a significance level of 5% with further tests, namely the Kruskal Wallis test and Duncan's test with SPSS software version 24. The results showed that the administration of nano chitosan preparations of neem leaf ethanol extract 1;0.5 and 1:1 had no significant effect on the Hepatosomatic index, diameter hepatocyte, and hepatocyte damage score (P>0.05), so it can be concluded that the administration of nano chitosan preparations of neem leaf ethanol extract (Azadirachta indica) can deliver neem leaf bioactive compounds to the liver to minimize liver histological damage due to neem toxic compounds