THE INFLUENCE OF AGE, DURATION OF WORK, AND LENGTH OF EMPLOYMENT ON PULMONARY FUNCTION CAPACITY AMONG TRADERS AT MEDAN DELI MARKET IN 2024

Abstract

The urban workplace environment often encounters environmental issues, one of which is air pollution. This issue is triggered by population growth and high levels of urbanization, leading to increased air pollution, predominantly caused by transportation activities. Traders in markets are frequently exposed to respiratory disorders due to particulate matter (PM) emitted by passing vehicles. This study aims to analyze the influence of age, duration of work, and work tenure on pulmonary function capacity among traders at Medan Deli Market in 2024. This quantitative study employs an analytic survey approach using a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at Medan Deli Market in Medan City from March 2024 to October 2024. The study population consisted of all traders at Medan Deli Market, with a sample size of 55 traders calculated using Lemeshow's formula. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection was performed through questionnaire distribution. The data analysis methods included univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using simple linear regression tests, and multivariate analysis using multiple linear regression tests, with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The results indicated significant effects of age (P-value=0.032; Exp.B=0.016), duration of work (P-value=0.008; Exp.B=0.158), and work tenure (P-value=0.002; Exp.B=0.067) on pulmonary function capacity among traders at Medan Deli Market. Work tenure was found to have the most dominant influence on pulmonary function capacity (P-value=0.007; Exp.B=0.157). Recommendations for Medan Deli Market traders include adherence to wearing masks while working, particularly for those located near the main road, and routine health check-ups at healthcare centers.