Comparison Of So₂ And No₂ Concentrations In Mountainous And Urban Areas In Relation To Respiratory Disorders Among Gas Station Operators

Abstract

Air Pollution Caused by High Traffic Density and Its Impact on Respiratory Disorders in Gas Station Operators. This study aims to analyze the differences in SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations between mountainous and urban areas and to assess the impact of these pollutant levels on respiratory disorders among gas station operators. This research adopts a quantitative, analytical observational approach using a cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted at gas stations in mountainous and urban regions, specifically in the sub-districts of Sibolangit and Berastagi for the mountainous area, and in the city of Medan for the urban area. The research period was from October 2023 to June 2024. The study population consisted of all gas station operators in the mountainous and urban areas, totaling 78 operators, with 39 operators from each region. The sample size was 78 operators, selected using a total sampling technique. Data collection involved interviews and observations, along with the measurement of SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations conducted. Data analysis: univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using independent t-tests and simple logistic regression, with a significance level of 95% (α=0.05). The results showed significant differences in SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations between mountainous and urban areas (P-value SO=0.001; P-value NO₂=0.001). Additionally, SO₂ levels had a significant effect on respiratory complaints among gas station operators (P-value=0.004; Exp.B=1.859). Recommendations include providing masks to gas station operators and enforcing mask usage policies during work hours by PT. Pertamina. Operators are also encouraged to wear masks to minimize inhalation of air pollutants while working