FACTORS RELATED TO THE INCIDENCE OF HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM IN THE COASTAL AREA OF KAMPUNG NELAYAN BELAWAN

Abstract

Hyperemesis gravidarum is one of the pregnancy complications that affects the mother’s health status and fetal growth and development. It is a condition where pregnant women experience severe nausea and vomiting, which can continue until 20 weeks of gestation. Hyperemesis gravidarum may lead to maternal weight loss and disrupt fetal growth in the uterus, increasing the risk of low birth weight and premature labor. The urgency of this study is to examine the risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum, particularly in pregnant women in coastal areas, where socioeconomic conditions may impact their health. The purpose of this research is to analyze risk factors such as age, gravida status, maternal nutritional status, and the most dominant risk factors contributing to hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnant women in coastal regions. This research uses an analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional design. The study population includes all pregnant women diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum who have medical records in the working area of UPT Puskesmas Belawan, Medan Belawan District. The research instrument is a data collection sheet based on medical records. It is hoped that this study will help the public, particularly pregnant women, to reduce and prevent the risks associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. Based on the study results, it was found that factors such as age, nutritional status, and gravida status do not influence the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum at UPT Belawan.