Design and User Evaluation of an Integrated Nurse Rostering Support System in an Indonesian Hospital

Abstract

This study aims to design and evaluate an integrated nurse rostering support system embedded in a hospital Data Repository and Support System (DRSS) in Indonesia, with roster outputs that can be exported to the existing Human Resource Information System (HRIS) to avoid duplicate data entry. The system automates monthly nurse scheduling by enforcing unit-specific constraints, such as minimum staffing levels per shift, night-shift quotas, and team-based coverage, while providing a user-friendly interface for head nurses to configure, generate, review, and adjust rosters. A system development approach was combined with a descriptive cross-sectional survey. After the module was implemented and used in an inpatient ward, a structured questionnaire was administered to nine key users (seven head nurses and two nurse managers) to assess perceived usefulness, ease of use, fairness and transparency of the generated schedules, and overall satisfaction and intention to use. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation). The findings indicate that respondents generally agreed that the system reduces manual workload, helps satisfy staffing requirements, and supports more transparent distribution of shifts. Mean scores for ease of use show that users perceive the interface and workflow as easy to learn and integrate into existing practices. Perceptions of fairness and transparency were also positive, with respondents accepting the schedules produced and appreciating the possibility of manual adjustments before final approval. In conclusion, the integrated nurse rostering support system is feasible for routine use and is well accepted by key users in the ward, with potential for gradual extension to other units accompanied by further evaluation.