Association between Air Pollution in Industrial Areas and Respiratory Diseases : A Literature Review

Abstract

Air pollution is an environmental problem that has a major impact on human health. Air pollutants that enter the respiratory tract can promote oxygen reactions, trigger immune response irregularities, cause oxidative stress, and eventually lead to lung inflammation. Industry, as one of the largest sources of pollutants, can release pollutants that affect the lung health of workers and also the surrounding communities living around the industry. This article aims to discuss the relationship between air pollution and respiratory problems experienced by communities around industries or industrial workers. This article was compiled using the literature review method using research articles, sourced from PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar in the 2019-2024 timeframe, and obtained 10 articles that were discussed further. The results of the literature review show that distance from the source area of exposure to air pollutants has a significant relationship to the occurrence of respiratory disorders. People exposed to air pollutants are more at risk of death from respiratory problems, especially infants and the elderly. Air pollutants also play a role in reducing the expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) of the lungs. Industries are expected to be able to manage the risk of air pollution in order to minimize the impact caused to the surrounding industry.