Cross-sectional Study of Factors Affecting Prediabetes Risk Among Adults in Medan, Indonesia

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease whose mortality rate continues to increase every year. One condition that needs attention is prediabetes, known to be the phase before the onset of diabetes. Early detection and control of prediabetes risk factors are crucial to prevent the development of diabetes mellitus in the future. This study aims to identify the factors affecting prediabetes risk among adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted in seven community health centers located in seven subdistricts in Medan, Indonesia. A sample of 270 respondents was selected through purposive sampling, and data analysis was conducted using logistic regression. The research results suggest that the factors that significantly affect the risk of prediabetes include body mass index (Exp (B): 1.826 (1.038-3.212); p=0.037), consumption of sweet foods and beverages (Exp (B): 1.834 (1.030-3.266); p=0.039), a sedentary lifestyle (Exp (B): 2.328 (1.332-4.067); p=0.003), and hypertension (Exp (B): 1.773 (1.042-3.017); p=0.035). A sedentary lifestyle is the most dominant predictor of prediabetes (Exp (B): 2.328 (1.332-4.067); p=0.003) among adults in Medan. Community health centers are expected to optimize non-communicable disease prevention programs to detect prediabetes early, identify risk factors, and provide education to the community to prevent its progression into diabetes mellitus.